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Elevated plus maze
The elevated plus maze (EPM) is an animal model of anxiety that usually uses rodents as a screening test for putative anxiolytic or anxiogenic compounds and as a general research tool in neurobiological anxiety research. The model is based on the test animal's aversion to open spaces and tendency to be thigmotaxic (a preference to remain near to, or touching, vertical surfaces). In the EPM, this is expressed as the animal spending more time in the enclosed arms.
==Method==
The test setting consists of a plus-shaped apparatus with two open and two enclosed arms, each with an open roof, elevated 40–70 cm from the floor. The model is based on rodents' aversion of open spaces. This aversion leads to the behavior termed thigmotaxis, which involves avoidance of open areas by confining movements to enclosed spaces or to the edges of a bounded space. In EPM this translates into a restriction of movement to the enclosed arms.
Anxiety reduction in the plus-maze is indicated by an increase in the proportion of time spent in the open arms (time in open arms/total time in open or closed arms), and an increase in the proportion of entries into the open arms (entries into open arms/total entries into open or closed arms). The total number of arm entries and number of closed-arm entries are sometimes used as measures of general activity.). The relation between the EPM and other tests of exploratory activity (open-field and emergence) have been analyzed in two mouse strains.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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